Italy

Unlike either France or Spain, Italy cultivates the vine virtually everywhere in the peninsula, from the Alps in the north to islands that are closer to the coast of North Africa than to the Italian mainland.

Viticulture traditionally impinged on the national consciousness, on the national imagination, and on daily life in a way that is hardly conceivable to those not accustomed to the Mediterranean way of life and its dietary trinity of bread, olive oil, and wine. It was unthinkable for Italians to sit down and eat without wine on the table until about the late 1980s since when per capita wine consumption, as in France and Spain, has been plummeting.

To consider the history of wine in Italy is to consider the history of Italy itself.